What is BinaryA number system that uses only two digits: 0 and 1?
Binary is the language of computers. It uses only two digits: 0 and 1. These simple digits are the building blocks of all digital information.
How Binary Works
In binary, each digit represents a power of 2:
- The rightmost digit stands for 20 (1)
- The next digit to the left is 21 (2)
- Then 22 (4), 23 (8), 24 (16), and so on
By turning these digits on (1) or off (0), we can represent any number. It's like using a row of light switches to count.
Binary in Action
Binary isn't just for counting. It's how computers handle all kinds of information:
- Text: Each letter is assigned a binary number.
- Images: Colors are represented by binary codes.
- Sound: Audio is broken down into binary patterns.
Why Binary Matters
Binary's simplicity is its strength. With just two states, computers can:
- Process information incredibly fast
- Store vast amounts of data in small spaces
- Transmit information reliably over long distances
Every time you use a digital device, you're using binary. It's the hidden language that makes our digital world possible.
Binary in Computer Science
Binary is fundamental to computer science in several ways:
- Data RepresentationThe way information is stored and processed in computers: All data in computers is ultimately stored and processed as binary.
- Boolean LogicA form of algebra used for logical operations, using only TRUE and FALSE: The basis of computer decision-making, using TRUE (1) and FALSE (0).
- Memory AddressingThe method of identifying and accessing specific locations in computer memory: Memory locations in computers are identified using binary numbers.
- Data CompressionThe process of encoding information using fewer bits than the original representation: Many compression algorithms work by manipulating binary data.
Binary Conversions
Converting between binary and decimal:
- Binary to Decimal: Multiply each digit by its place value (powers of 2) and sum.
- Decimal to Binary: Repeatedly divide by 2 and keep track of remainders.
Try converting numbers between binary and decimal using the Binary Bulbs game above!